Scientific Name

Ilex excelsa (Wall.) Voigt


Other Names


Life Form

Tree


Family

Aquifoliaceae



Image by - Saroj Kasaju
Usages

Food - Fruits eaten raw or made into jams/jellies.


Native to

Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Nepal


Habitat

Thrives in sparse forests in mountain valleys, thickets, at an elevation of 800-2800 m.


Conservation Status

Least Concern



Plant Description

It is a medium-sized evergreen tree grow up to 9 m tall. Bark gray-brown smooth.

Stem is smooth or hairy on current branches, turning gray and rough with raised leaf scars on older ones.

Leaves are evergreen, papery to slightly leathery, elliptic to ovate, 5-10 cm long, with 7-8 pairs of lateral veins visible on the underside.

Flowers are clustered, small (0.4-0.6 cm) with 4-6 petals (male) or staminodes (female).

Fruit is red, ovoid-ellipsoidal, around 0.5 cm long, with persistent calyx and stigma, containing 4-6 seeds.


Phenology

Flowering: April – June,
Fruiting: August – November.