Scientific Name
Other Names
Life Form
Synonyms
Family
Wood - Construction: Timber is used for construction, furniture, and fuel. Fodder - Provides fodder for livestock. Eco-restoration - Important for soil conservation and wildlife habitat.
Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan
Thrives in dry, rocky hills, often in pure stands or mixed with other species. Tolerant of drought and poor soils.
It is evergreen tree typically reaching a height of 15-25 m and a diameter of 0.6-1 m.
Stem is characterized by thick, deeply fissured, dark brown bark and young branches densely covered with white hairs.
Leaves are simple, alternate, leathery, with a stalked, ovate to lanceolate shape. They are 7-15 cm long and 3-7 cm wide, with a tapering, saw-toothed margin. Upper surface is dark green and hairless, while the lower surface is densely covered with white or gray hairs.
Flowers are dioecious, with male and female flowers on separate trees. Male flowers are arranged in drooping catkins, 5-10 cm long. Female flowers are small, inconspicuous, and borne singly or in clusters.
Fruit is an acorn, ovoid in shape and measuring 1-2 cm in length. Nut is enclosed in a cupule covered with scales. Ripen in about 18 months.
Flowering: December-March.